Salt Classification Based on Its Nature
Based on its nature after the acid-base neutralization reaction, salt is divided into:
Acid Salt
Acid salt is a salt that is formed if only a part of the hydrogen from the acid making up the salt is replaced by metals or other cations, so there is still residual acidic properties in the salt product.
Alkaline Salt
Base salt is salt that is formed if not all OH groups of the salt-making base are neutralized by an acid radical (the salt-forming anionic nature is stronger than the cationic / acid-forming properties).
Neutral Salt
Neutral salt is salt that is formed from the neutralization reaction between acids and bases completely. Usually this salt is the result of the reaction of strong acids with strong bases.
salt and its properties
Salt Classification Based on Solubility
Chloride and iodide salts from the alkali and alkaline earth groups are generally easily soluble in water while the chloride and iodide salts of lead and silver metals are insoluble in water. Nitrate salts are generally soluble in water, carbonate salts are difficult to dissolve in water. The solubility of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and potassium nitrate salts at different temperatures can be seen in the following curve.
The following are some examples of salts that are soluble and difficult to dissolve
Theoretical basis
Solution
Solution is defined as a homogeneous mixture between two or more substances dispersed either as molecules, atoms or ions whose composition can vary. The solution can be a gas, liquid, or solid. Aqueous solutions are solutions that contain a small portion of solute, relative to the amount of the solvent. Whereas concentrated solution is a solution containing most solutes. Solute is a solute. While the solvent (solvent) is a medium in which the solute is dissolved (Baroroh, 2004).
Molarity
Polarity or Molarity is the large number of moles of solute in each liter of solution. Or the concentration of a solution that measures the number of moles of solute in each liter of solution. Molarity or symbolized by the letter M. Molarity can be formulated as follows:
M =
Note: M = kemolaran (mol / L)
n = mole of substance (mole)
V = volume occupied by substance (L)
Dilution of a solution is an addition of a solvent to a solution so that the concentration of the solution becomes smaller by adding water (solvent). The formula equation is as follows:
M1.V1 = M2. V2
Sediment
Sediment is a substance that separates as a solid phase out of the solution. A precipitate is formed if the solution becomes too saturated with the substance in question. The solubility (S) of a precipitate by definition is the same as the molar concentration of a saturated solution. Solubility depends on various conditions such as temperature, pressure, concentration of other ingredients in the solution, and on the composition of the solvent (Lesdantina, 2009).